Eur. J. Entomol. 104 (4): 699-704, 2007 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2007.088

Diapause, cold hardiness and flight ability of Cry1Ac-resistant and -susceptible strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Ge-Mei LIANG1, Kong-Ming WU*,1, Brian RECTOR2, Yu-Yuan GUO1
1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultu ral Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100094, China; e-mail: gmliang@ippcaas.cn
2 European Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Montpellier, France

The diapause inducement condition, cold hardiness, and flight ability in Cry1Ac-resistant (BtR) and Cry1Ac-susceptible (96S) strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) were compared in the laboratory. The BtR strain was derived from the 96S strain and shows 1375-fold resistance to the Cry1Ac toxin after having been selected for 52 generations. Compared with the 96S strain, the Bt-resistant strain was more likely to go into diapause under a short-photoperiod environment. At 11L : 13D, 12L : 12D and 13L : 11D photoperiods, the percentages of BtR insects entering diapause were 72.7%, 82.9% and 68.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the 96S strain (58.6%, 67.4% and 46.3%, respectively) under the same conditions. The supercooling points (SCP) and freezing points (FP) were not significantly different between the BtR and 96S strains. The LT50 (50% lethal time) and LT90 (90% lethal time) of BtR pupae were also not significantly different from those of the 96S strain at -15°C. The moths from both strains had similar flight ability when their larvae were fed with nontoxic control diet. However, the total flight distance of these BtR moths was 56.2 km whose larvae fed on normal diet, which was more than twice as much as for those feeding on Bt diet (26.2 km). Flight duration for these BtR moths was longer after feeding on normal diet (11.6 h) than after feeding on Bt diet (7.3 h).

Keywords: Noctuidae, Helicoverpa armigera, Bt resistance, resistance management, fitness costs, transgenic crops

Received: January 31, 2007; Revised: August 13, 2007; Accepted: August 13, 2007; Published: October 15, 2007  Show citation

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LIANG, G., WU, K., RECTOR, B., & GUO, Y. (2007). Diapause, cold hardiness and flight ability of Cry1Ac-resistant and -susceptible strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). EJE, 104(4), 699-704. doi: 10.14411/eje.2007.088
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