Eur. J. Entomol. 115: 232-241, 2018 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2018.022

Functional responses and intraspecific competition in the ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) provided with Melanaphis sacchari (Homoptera: Aphididae) as preyOriginal article

Pengxiang WU1,2, Jing ZHANG1,2, Muhammad HASEEB3, Shuo YAN4, Lambert KANGA3, Runzhi ZHANG1,*
1 Department of Entomology, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #1-5 Beichen West Rd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China; e-mails: wupengxiang@ioz.ac.cn (Wu P.X.), jing1.zhang@famu.edu (Zhang J.), zhangrz@ioz.ac.cn (Zhang R.Z.)
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3 Center for Biological Control, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307-4100, USA; e-mails: Muhammad.Haseeb@famu.edu (Haseeb M.), lambert.kanga@famu.edu (Kanga L.)
4 National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, China; e-mail: yanshuo2011@foxmail.com (Yan S.)

Functional responses at each developmental stage of predators and intraspecific competition associated with direct interactions among them provide insights into developing biological control strategies for pests. The functional responses of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) at each developmental stage of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) and intraspecific competition among predators were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that all stages of H. axyridis displayed a type II functional response to M. sacchari. Based on Holling's disc equation, the instantaneous searching rates were highest (a) and handling time was shortest (Th) of fourth instar larvae (a = 0.8818; Th = 3.9 min) and female adults (a = 0.9881; Th = 3.0 min) at larval and adult stages, respectively. The coefficients of mutual interference (m) assessed by the intraspecific competition equation were higher for fourth instar larvae (m = 0.4764) and female adults (m = 0.4183). The present study indicates that fourth instar and female adult were more effective stages of H. axyridis in the context of biological control but suitable predator densities need to be considered before natural enemy release.

Keywords: Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Harmonia axyridis, Hemiptera, Aphididae, Melanaphis sacchari, functional response, intraspecific competition

Received: December 27, 2017; Revised: April 6, 2018; Accepted: April 6, 2018; Published online: May 17, 2018  Show citation

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WU, P., ZHANG, J., HASEEB, M., YAN, S., KANGA, L., & ZHANG, R. (2018). Functional responses and intraspecific competition in the ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) provided with Melanaphis sacchari (Homoptera: Aphididae) as prey. EJE, 115, Article 232-241. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2018.022
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