Eur. J. Entomol. 103 (4): 787-792, 2006 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2006.107

Effect of temperature on the life history of Encarsia bimaculata (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Bao-Li QIU1, Paul J. DE BARRO2, Cai-Xia XU1, Shun-Xiang REN*,1
1 Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China; e-mail: baileyqiu@yahoo.com.cn; baileyqiu@scau.edu.cn
2 CSIRO Entomology, 120 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia


Encarsia bimaculata (Heraty & Polaszek) is an abundant parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci in southern China. The effects of constant temperatures on a range of life history traits, including development, survival of immatures, longevity and reproduction of adults, were studied in the laboratory. The developmental period from egg to adult ranged from 34.3 ± 0.4 d at 20°C to 8.7 ± 0.6 d at 32°C, A total of 181.4 ± 2.4 degree-days were required to complete development with a lower developmental threshold of 11.6 ± 0.3°C. The survivorship of E. bimaculata from 2nd instar to adult varied from 81.3 ± 1.7% at 20°C to 91.0 ± 1.8% at 26°C. Average adult female longevity was 8.4 ± 0.7 d at 20°C and 5.4 ± 0.4 d at 32°C, and daily production of offspring peaked at 29°C with 4.5 offspring per female. The maximum oviposition occurred three days after adult emergence at 23, 26, 29 and 32°C, and four days at 20°C. Total number of offspring produced per female varied from 24.3 ± 2.0 at 32°C to 29.3 ± 2.9 at 20°C. The maximum intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.2163 ± 0.013 at 29°C, followed by 0.2062 ± 0.022 at 32°C. Results indicate that E. bimaculata reaches its maximum biological potential at temperatures ranging from 26°C to 32°C with 29°C being the optimal temperature.

Keywords: Encarsia bimaculata, Bemisia tabaci, B biotype, life history, temperature, biology, biological control

Received: March 3, 2006; Revised: July 30, 2006; Accepted: July 30, 2006; Published: October 2, 2006  Show citation

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QIU, B., DE BARRO, P.J., XU, C., & REN, S. (2006). Effect of temperature on the life history of Encarsia bimaculata (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). EJE, 103(4), 787-792. doi: 10.14411/eje.2006.107
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