Eur. J. Entomol. 104 (4): 661-665, 2007 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2007.083

Direction of karyotype evolution in the bug family Nabidae (Heteroptera): New evidence from 18S rDNA analysis

Christina NOKKALA1, Valentina KUZNETSOVA2, Snejana GROZEVA3, Seppo NOKKALA1
1 Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI 20014 Turku, Finland; e-mail: chrinok@utu.fi, sepnok@utu.fi
2 Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: karyo@zin.ru
3 Institute of Zoology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsar Osvoboditel 1, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; e-mail: sgrozeva@yahoo.com

The bug family Nabidae (Heteroptera) includes taxa showing either a low chromosome number 2n = 16 + XY or high chromosome numbers 2n = 26 or 32 + XY. In order to reveal the direction of karyotype evolution in the family, a molecular phylogeny of the family was created to reveal the taxon closest to the ancestral type and hence the ancestral karyotype. The phylogeny was based on a partial sequence of the 18S rDNA gene of both high and low chromosome number species belonging to the subfamilies Prostemmatinae and Nabinae. Phylogeny created by the Neighbour Joining method separated the subfamilies, Prostemmatinae and Nabinae, which form sister groups at the base of this phylogenetic tree, as well as within the Nabinae, tribes Nabini and Arachnocorini. Combining karyosystematic data with the phylogeny of the family indicated that the ancestral karyotype was a high chromosome number, consisting of 2n = 32 + XY. During the course of evolution changes have occurred both in meiotic behaviour of the sex chromosomes and in the number of autosomes. The direction of karyotype evolution was from a high to low autosome number. Abrupt decreases in the number of autosomes have occurred twice; firstly when the tribe Arachnocorini differentiated from the main stem in the subfamily Nabinae and secondly within the tribe Nabini, when within the genus Nabis 2n = 16 + XY species diverged from the 2n = 32 + XY species. A scheme of the sequence of events in karyotype evolution during the evolution of the Nabidae is presented.

Keywords: Nabidae, 18S rDNA, phylogeny, karyotype evolution

Received: October 3, 2006; Revised: July 4, 2007; Accepted: July 4, 2007; Published: October 15, 2007  Show citation

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NOKKALA, C., KUZNETSOVA, V., GROZEVA, S., & NOKKALA, S. (2007). Direction of karyotype evolution in the bug family Nabidae (Heteroptera): New evidence from 18S rDNA analysis. EJE, 104(4), 661-665. doi: 10.14411/eje.2007.083
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