Eur. J. Entomol. 98 (3): 287-293, 2001 | DOI: 10.14411/eje.2001.048

Fitness of two phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Antonio O. SOARES1, Daniel CODERRE2, Henrique SCHANDERL1
1 Department of Biology, University of Azores, Rua Mae de Deus, 58, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; e-mail: onofre@notes.uac.pt
2 Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec a Montréal, C.P. 8888 Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Canada H3C 3P8; e-mail: coderre.daniel@uqam.ca

The coccinellid H. axyridis shows considerable intraspecific variability of elytral patterns. In this paper, we suggest that a genotype that confers a specific pattern of elytra could also confer other specific autecological attributes. The aim of this paper is to compare fitness parameters of two phenotypes (aulica and nigra). Aulica is a common morph characterized by two light red areas that nearly cover the whole elytra, leaving a narrow black border, whereas nigra is completely black; the latter is a rare morph that was naturally obtained from mass cultures. Intraspecific differences occur between H. axyridis phenotypes. The aulica phenotype is more voracious than nigra. Consumption rate of males is higher in aulica than in nigra, but there is no difference for females. Larval biomass of aulica is generally higher than that of nigra. The maximum body-weights reached by larval instars and adults are significantly higher for aulica. Aulica also has greater longevity and reproductive capacity. Only life stage duration of eggs and pre-pupae differ between the two phenotypes. Nigra shows lower fecundity and fertility. Our study showed that the strong differences in phenotype traits of the coccinellid H. axyridis could affect its fitness.

Keywords: Harmonia axyridis, phenotype, aulica, nigra, intraspecific variability, fitness, voracity, biomass, longevity, reproduction

Received: April 18, 2000; Revised: June 12, 2001; Accepted: July 30, 2001; Published: October 31, 2001  Show citation

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SOARES, A.O., CODERRE, D., & SCHANDERL, H. (2001). Fitness of two phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). EJE, 98(3), 287-293. doi: 10.14411/eje.2001.048
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